Strategies for Improved Efficiency of Hydrogen Storage in Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Comprehensive Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38032/scse.2025.3.38Keywords:
Hydrogen energy, Hydrogen storage, Porous materials, Metal organic frameworks (MOFs), Modified MOFsAbstract
Hydrogen energy has always been considered the cleanest and most sustainable means of energy supply technology, which is important for the energy portfolio of our civilization in the foreseeable future. However, typical storage systems have several drawbacks, such as the demanding conditions of high pressure and cryogenic temperature, which hinder their usage and efficacy. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a category of advanced materials characterized by their extensive surface area and adjustable pore architectures, which facilitate the storage of hydrogen at extremely high pressure and low temperatures. Despite all of these benefits, the weak physisorption of hydrogen under realistic conditions and rarely meeting up the condition of up taking hydrogen at room temperature nevertheless pose a significant obstacle to the usage of MOFs in energy storage devices. Some strategies used to improve MOFs' hydrogen sorption efficiency by modifications are covered in this paper. The main strategies are guest atom modification, the process which involves the use of foreign atoms which are inserted in the MOF pores to activate the unsaturated metal sites whereas metal doping utilizes d-block metals via ball milling to increase surface area and adsorption capacity. In particular, catalyst introduction causes the addition of metal nanoparticles so as to enhance hydrogen adsorption via spillover mechanisms, particularly at elevated temperatures. Additionally, MOF hybridization combines MOFs with materials like graphene oxide or zeolite, leveraging synergistic effects like optimizing pore size, enhancing microporosity, etc. to improve hydrogen binding energy. This review article focuses on the fundamental tactics that might enhance hydrogen storage qualities, enabling its use as a fuel source. Additionally, it explores potential avenues for further expansion to satisfy the growing energy requirements.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmadullah Hridoy, Rafid Bin Siddique, Md. Al-Riad Tonmoy, Md. Hasan Mahmud, A. K. M. Ahsanul Habib (Author)
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