Advanced Numerical Study on Natural Convection Heat Transfer in an Inverted T-Shaped Cavity Filled with Copper Nanofluid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38032/scse.2025.3.57Keywords:
Natural convection, Inverted T shape, Cu nanoparticle, CFD, Nusselt numberAbstract
The aim of this analysis is to report on the behavior of Copper-Air (Cu-Air) nanofluid natural convection heat transfer within an inverted T-shaped enclosure having differentially heated sidewalls. The left margins of the enclosed cavity have been treated as a heated wall and hence they are kept at a constant temperature. The right edges, though not as hot as the heated wall, are also maintained at a constant temperature. The horizontal walls of the cavity were assumed to be adiabatic. Numerical investigation of the evaluation was made using ANSYS Fluent. The effects of different important parameters, such as the shape of the enclosure, Rayleigh number, and volume fraction of nanoparticles on heat transfer characteristics inside an inverted T-shaped enclosure, have been studied. In the numerical analysis, a set of DNSs has been done for different Rayleigh numbers in the 103 to 106 range, with a volume fraction of the particles in the range 0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.1, and for several aspect ratios of the inverted T-shape. These results of this CFD analysis, therefore, depict an extraordinary increase in the volume-averaged heat transfer coefficient with increasing volume fraction of Cu particles in air. Also, it was noticed that the volume-averaged Nusselt number increases as the Rayleigh number increases, though there is a slight fall at higher volume fractions of nanoparticles due to higher conduction heat transfer. For Rayleigh numbers ≥ 104, both the average Nusselt number and average heat transfer coefficient decreases up to a certain shape of the cavity aspect ratio. Beyond that, the values of both parameters increase. In the case of Rayleigh number = 103, the value is decreased for both with the increase in the cavity aspect ratio.
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