A Literature Review on Electric Vehicle Routing Problem: Supply Chain Management Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38032/scse.2025.3.27Keywords:
Electric Vehicle routing problem (EVRP), Freight transportation, Logistics distribution, AlgorithmsAbstract
In the modern world of technology and innovation, electric vehicle (EV) integration into supply chain management has gained much interest as a feasible way to address the problems connected with freight transportation. The Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (EVRP) is carefully examined in this paper, which covers crucial aspects such as EVRP variations, optimization strategies, infrastructure development, and sustainability issues. Alongside specialized and efficient algorithms such as Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and modified NSGA-II for multi-objective optimization, variants such as Vehicle Routing Problem with Pickup and Delivery (VRPPD), Time Windows (VRPTW), and Capacitated Routing Problem (CVRP) are inspected. To outplay issues with range restrictions, charging time, and cost, the study insists the critical roles that battery technology, effective charging techniques, and infrastructure expansion play. In order to promote green supply chain techniques, route optimization and truckload consolidation are stressed. Furthermore, new developments such as 5G connectivity and driverless EVs are recognized as revolutionary for EVRP. This work synthesizes impactful studies to discover research gaps and recommends future possibilities, such as accommodating multi-objective models and hybrid metaheuristic techniques to fulfill environmental and operational objectives in EVRP. This paper offers an intensive framework for enhancing EV routing research and practice in the context of supply chain management. The study's research requires the inclusion of the inevitability of transforming more conventional VRP variants to their electric equivalents by adding charging station adaptability to existing EVRP models and creating accurate algorithms for optimal routing solutions. The paper also identifies a shortage of research on multi-objective models that take resilience, social, and green elements into priority, as well as hybrid and advanced metaheuristic algorithms. Hence, new models and algorithms are needed to handle the issues posed by emerging technologies namely 5G connection and driverless cars. Furthermore, governments and the business sector are not working together to establish comprehensive charging infrastructure for effective EV routing. The results show how crucial Electric Vehicle Routing Problems (EVRP) are becoming to supply chain management, signifying the necessity of refined optimization techniques, reliable charging infrastructure, and environmentally friendly procedures. The study is to fill in knowledge gaps and improve optimization models for electric vehicle routing that is both operationally and environmentally efficient with refined performance.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Iftikhar Farahad , Shoumik Deb Nath (Author)
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