Life Cycle Energy and GHG Emission Analysis of a Direct Air Carbon Capture System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38032/scse.2025.3.126Keywords:
Energy consumption, GHG emission, Direct air carbon capture, Life cycle analysisAbstract
This paper investigated the life cycle energy and Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission analysis of a direct air carbon capture (DACC) system. The cradle-to-grave life cycle approach has been adopted in the inventory stages. The life cycle stages namely extraction of the raw materials (Fe, Si, etc.), manufacturing of the component materials (stainless steel, mild steel, etc.), construction of the system, operation, disassembly, and disposal are considered for the analysis. The data were collected from the local industry through field surveys and available literature. Local and international transportation were considered. The result showed that the total life cycle energy consumption and CO2 emission found are 4,368 MJ and 428 kg respectively. The extraction causes the major energy consumption and GHG emissions throughout the life cycle. The SOx and NOx emissions are the dominant other GHG gases in the life cycle stages. Energy consumption and GHG emissions can be reduced by adopting recycling and reusing materials rather than importing from international sources.
Downloads
Downloads
Downloads
References
[1] Gao, X., Yang, S., Hu, L., Cai, S., Wu, L., Kawi, S., Carbonaceous materials as adsorbents for CO2 capture: synthesis and modification, Carbon Capture Science & Technology, 3, No. 100039, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2022.100039
[2] Barzagli, F., Peruzzini, M., Zhang, R., Direct CO2 capture from air with aqueous and nonaqueous diamine
solutions: a comparative investigation based on 13C NMR analysis, Carbon Capture Science & Technology, 3, No. 100049, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2022.100049
[3] Beuttler, C., Charles, L., and Wurzbacher, J., The Role of DirectAirCaptureinMitigation of Anthropogenic
GreenhouseGasEmissions, perspective published,21November2019doi:10.3389/fclim.2019.00010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2019.00010
[4] Nagapurkar, P., Thirumaran, K., Kidder, M. K., Techno-economic and environmental life cycle assessment of next-generation fiber-encapsulated nanoscale hybrid materials for direct air carbon capture, Sustainable Materials and Technologies, Volume 39, e00803, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2023.e00803
[5] Deutz, S., & Bardow, A., Life-cycle assessment of an industrial direct air capture process based on temperature–vacuum swing adsorption, Nature Energy, Volume 6, pp. 203–213, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-020-00771-9
[6] Madhu, K., Pauliuk, S., Dhathri, S., & Creutzig, F., Understanding environmental trade-offs and resource demand of direct air capture technologies through comparative life-cycle assessment, Nature Energy, Volume 6, pp.1035–1044, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-021-00922-6
[7] Terlouw, T., Treyer, K., Bauer, C., and Mazzotti, M., Life Cycle Assessment of Direct Air Carbon Capture and Storage with Low-Carbon Energy Sources, Environ. Sci. Technol., 55, pp. 11397−11411, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c03263
[8] Liu, C. M., Sandhu, N. K., McCoy, S. T. and Bergerson, J. A., A life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from direct air capture and Fischer–Tropsch fuel production, Sustainable Energy Fuels, 4, pp. 3129-3142, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C9SE00479C
[9] Nuss, P., Eckelman, M.J., Life cycle assessment of metals: a scientific synthesis. PLoS ONE, 9, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101298. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101298
[10] Khayyam, H., Naebe, M., Milani, A. S., Fakhrhoseini, S. M., Date, A., Shabani, B., & Jazar, R. N., Improving energy efficiency of carbon fiber manufacturing through waste heat recovery: A circular economy approach with machine learning, Energy, 225, 120113, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.120113
[11] Fan, M., Yu, Z., Ma, W., & Li, L., Life cycle assessment of crystalline silicon wafers for photovoltaic power generation, Silicon, 13, 3177-3189, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00670-4
[12] Brehmer, B., & Sanders, J., Energetic and energetic life cycle analysis to explain the hidden costs and effects of current sulfur utilization, International Journal of Exergy, 4(2), 117-133, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEX.2007.012061
[13] Sylwan, I., Zambrano, J., & Thorin, E., Energy demand for phosphorus recovery from municipal wastewater, Energy Procedia, 158, 4338-4343, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.787
[14] Ghosh, H., Estimation of greenhouse gas emission factors for natural gas in Bangladesh, ISES solar world congress, pp.1-4, 2016. doi:10.18086/swc.2015.07.18 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18086/swc.2015.07.18
[15] Basu, G., Effect of bio-friendly conditioning agents on jute fiber spinning, Industrial Crops and Products, 29 (2-3), pp.281-288, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.05.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.05.008
[16] Statista Research Department, Distribution of electricity generation in Bangladesh in 2022, by source (Retrieved June 6, 2023). https://www.statista.com/statistics/1234884/bangladesh-distribution-of-electricity-production-by-source/
[17] US Environmental Protection Agency, Natural gas consumption, 2020. (Retrieved March 28, 2024) https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-09/documents/1.4_natural_gas_combustion.pdf
Published
Conference Proceedings Volume
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Md. Shazib Uddin, Tanvir Ahmed Rifat, Md. Shaon Asif Ahmed (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All the articles published by this journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
